Flag of Russia
What the flag means
- White — nobility and frankness
- Blue — loyalty and honesty
- Red — courage and love (Pan-Slavic colors)
Design set by: Федеральный конституционный закон от 25.12.2000 № 1-ФКЗ «О Государственном флаге Российской Федерации», статья 1 · Adopted 1991
Highlights
- 🏰 Red Square and the Kremlin
- 📚 Tolstoy and Dostoevsky
- 🩰 The Bolshoi Ballet
- ❄️ Vast Siberia and wild nature
- 🎼 The music of Tchaikovsky
Quick facts
- Region
- Europe · Eastern Europe
- Population
- 143,513,328 people (2025)
- Area
- 17,098,242 km²
- Capital
- Moscow
- Languages
- Russian, Tatar
- Currency
- Russian ruble (RUB)
- Organizations
- United Nations
Similar flags
Slavic tricolors
Neighboring countries
Azerbaijan
Belarus
China
Estonia
Finland
Georgia
Kazakhstan
Latvia
Lithuania
Mongolia
North Korea
Norway
Poland
Ukraine
Land neighbors, approximated from simplified map outlines.
Symbols in History (1)
Coats of arms and emblems whose historic seat lies within this country’s present-day territory.
Lesser arms of the Russian Empire
OriginThese are arms of the Russian Empire, with a black double-headed eagle, the shield of Saint George, and small shields of several kingdoms. The imperial arms exist in several versions laid down in law, such as those of 1857 and of 1882/1883, and which of those years this picture shows has not yet been confirmed.
DescriptionA black double-headed eagle spreads its wings; each of the two heads wears a small crown, and above them sits a large crown with blue ribbons hanging from it. One claw holds a gold sceptre, the other a gold orb topped with a cross. On its breast is a red shield showing a knight with a lance on a white horse and a dragon fallen beneath, encircled by a gold chain collar, and four small shields are arranged on each wing, eight in all.
State & regional flags (83)
Adygea
Green field with twelve gold stars arced over three crossed gold arrows.
Altai Krai
Blue hoist stripe with a gold wheat ear; on red, a wheat-wreathed shield of a white furnace above a green vase.
Altai Republic
White field crossed low by two blue stripes, a thin one above a wide blue band at the bottom.
Amur Oblast
Red field above a white wave and a wide blue wavy band along the bottom.
Arkhangelsk Oblast
A light blue saltire crosses a white field, with a gold shield at its centre. On the shield the Archangel Michael holds a red flaming sword lowered in his right hand and a blue shield bearing a gold saltire on his left arm, standing with both feet on a fallen black devil. It renders the archangel the city is named for.
Astrakhan Oblast
Light blue field with a gold oriental crown above a white curved sabre, hilt toward the fly.
Bashkortostan
Blue, white and green bands with a gold seven-headed kurai flower inside a gold ring at centre.
Belgorod Oblast
A blue cross splits white, green, red and black quarters; a shield of black eagle over gold lion sits at the hoist.
Bryansk Oblast
Crimson field with a blue shield of a gold fir tree and a red cannon badge, in an oak wreath under a hammer and sickle.
Buryatia
Blue, white and yellow bands with the gold Soyombo (flame, sun, crescent) at the upper hoist.
Chechnya
Green, white and red bands with a gold scrollwork strip running down the hoist.
Chelyabinsk Oblast
Red field with a yellow stripe low across it, carrying a white two-humped camel with a gold pack.
Chukotka
Blue field with a white hoist triangle holding a yellow ring around a Russian tricolour disc.
Chuvashia
Yellow field over a dark red base, with a red tree of life and three eight-pointed stars above it.
Dagestan
Plain horizontal tricolour of green over blue over red, with no emblem.
Ingushetia
White field between two green stripes, with a red triskelion of three curled arms at centre.
Irkutsk Oblast
White field between blue hoist and fly stripes; a black babr carrying a red sable stands in a fir wreath.
Ivanovo Oblast
Red and blue halves with white waves below; a crowned shield of spindle and torch between a gold lion and eagle.
Jewish Autonomous Oblast
White field with seven narrow rainbow stripes, red through violet, across the middle.
Kabardino-Balkaria
Blue, white and green bands with a central disc of white twin peaks under blue sky over green.
Kaliningrad Oblast
Red, yellow and blue bands with a white fortress gate and a gold crowned cipher at the upper hoist.
Kalmykia
Yellow field with a blue disc holding a white lotus flower (Buddhism).
Kaluga Oblast
Red, white and green bands with a gold imperial crown on the red top.
Kamchatka Krai
White field over a blue band, with three erupting black volcanoes on a red sun at the hoist.
Karachay-Cherkessia
Blue, green and red bands; a gold ring on the green holds a rising sun above white twin peaks.
Karelia
Plain horizontal tricolour: red on top, blue in the middle, green at the bottom.
Kemerovo Oblast
A blue vertical band at the hoist and a broad red field, with the oblast's arms set on the blue band. Three golden ears of wheat rise from a black triangular hill within the shield, their stalks crossed by a hammer and a pick. The black hill is the Kuzbass coalfield, the tools its mining and industry, the wheat its farming.
Khabarovsk Krai
White over azure, with a green triangle at the hoist pointing into the field.
Khakassia
Green hoist band carrying a gold solar rosette, with blue, white and red stripes filling the fly.
Khanty-Mansi Okrug
Blue over green with a narrow white stripe down the fly, and a white antler-crown ornament on the blue.
Kirov Oblast
White above green and blue stripes; a gold shield holds a red bow and arrow drawn by a hand from clouds.
Komi
Horizontal blue, green and white bands of equal width, with no emblem at all.
Kostroma Oblast
Red-blue-red vertical bands; on the wide blue centre a gold longship with a dragon head and rowers.
Krasnodar Krai
Blue, crimson and green bands behind a gold coat of arms: a walled fortress, a crown and four banners.
Krasnoyarsk Krai
Red field with a crowned shield where a gold lion holds a spade and a sickle, framed by a gold wreath.
Kurgan Oblast
White field crossed by a broad green horizontal band bearing two white burial-mound hills.
Kursk Oblast
Red, white, gold, black and red stripes; a crowned shield shows three flying partridges on a blue bend.
Leningrad Oblast
White field with blue and red waves at the foot; a shield shows a silver anchor crossed with a gold key.
Lipetsk Oblast
Red field with a golden linden tree standing on a green mound.
Magadan Oblast
Red field with blue-white waves below; a canton shield shows crossed pick and hammer, a dam and three gold fish.
Mari El
White field with a dark red hoist band of traditional Mari patterning; beside it a white shield shape under a gold crown. Within it a rearing red bear holds up a sword in a blue scabbard in one paw and, in the other, a blue shield bearing gold Mari ornament.
Mordovia
Red, white and dark blue bands with a red eight-pointed solar rosette on the white centre.
Moscow
Dark red field with St George in silver armour and a blue cloak, spearing a black dragon from a white horse.
Moscow Oblast
Red field with St George on a white horse in the upper hoist, spearing a gold dragon with green wings.
Murmansk Oblast
Blue field over a red band at the foot, with a golden arc of spreading aurora rays in the blue.
Nenets Autonomous Okrug
A wide white top, a blue band edged with a white Nenets zigzag ornament, and a green band at the foot.
Nizhny Novgorod Oblast
White field with a crowned silver shield bearing a red deer with black antlers, set in an oak wreath.
North Ossetia
Horizontal white, red and yellow bands of equal width, with no emblem.
Novgorod Oblast
Blue, white and red vertical bands; a shield shows two black bears flanking a gold throne over two silver fish.
Novosibirsk Oblast
Red, white, blue, white and green vertical bands; two black sables hold a gold bread loaf over the blue.
Omsk Oblast
Red, white and red vertical bands with a blue wavy stripe running down the white centre.
Orenburg Oblast
Red field with a crowned shield: a blue marten above two crossed gold banners and a gold crescent.
Oryol Oblast
Red field over a blue band; a shield shows a white three-towered fortress under a gold double-headed eagle.
Penza Oblast
Gold field with a green hoist band; a green shield bears three gold wheat sheaves tied with red ribbons.
Perm Krai
A white cross quartering the field red, blue, blue, red; at its centre a silver bear carrying a gold gospel book.
Primorsky Krai
A red upper triangle and a blue lower one split by a white diagonal, with a gold tiger in the upper hoist.
Pskov Oblast
Blue field with a white saw-tooth band at the hoist; a gold leopard walks below a hand blessing from white clouds.
Rostov Oblast
A narrow white vertical band at the hoist, then horizontal stripes of blue, yellow and red.
Ryazan Oblast
White, gold and red horizontal bands; on the gold, a prince in a red cloak stands holding a sword upright.
Saint Petersburg
Red field with two crossed white anchors, sea and river, and an upright gold sceptre topped by the double-headed eagle laid over them.
Sakha (Yakutia)
A wide blue field with a big white sun disc, over narrow white, red and green stripes along the bottom.
Sakhalin Oblast
Teal field carrying white island silhouettes: one long island and a chain of smaller ones curving into a V.
Samara Oblast
Red, white and blue horizontal bands; centred, a blue shield with a white stag under a gold crown and oak wreath.
Saratov Oblast
White over red, with a blue shield of three silver sterlets meeting in a Y beneath a gold crown.
Smolensk Oblast
Red field with two thin gold stripes low down and a white shield at the hoist holding a cannon and a gold bird.
Stavropol Krai
Gold field quartered by a white cross, with a wreathed shield of a fortress gate over a map at the centre.
Sverdlovsk Oblast
Four horizontal bands: white, a wide blue, a thin white line, then green.
Tambov Oblast
Red and blue vertical halves; centred, a blue shield with three silver bees above a silver beehive.
Tatarstan
Horizontal bands of green and red separated by a narrow white stripe, with no emblem.
Tomsk Oblast
White field bearing the full arms: a green shield with a rearing white horse, a crown and an oak wreath.
Tula Oblast
Red field with three white blades crossed, one horizontal over two in a saltire, and a gold hammer above and below.
Tuva
Light blue with a gold triangle at the hoist; white stripes fork from its point and run out to the fly.
Tver Oblast
Yellow, red, yellow vertical bands; at the centre a gold throne bearing a gold crown on a green cushion.
Tyumen Oblast
White, blue and green horizontal bands with a red triangle at the hoist and three gold crowns on the blue.
Udmurtia
Vertical black, white and red bands with a red eight-pointed star centred on the white.
Ulyanovsk Oblast
Light blue field with a white classical column on a pedestal, topped by a gold imperial crown.
Vladimir Oblast
Red field with a light blue hoist band carrying a gold hammer and sickle, and a gold shield with a crowned lion.
Volgograd Oblast
Red field with two narrow dark blue vertical stripes near the hoist and a white statue of a woman raising a sword.
Vologda Oblast
White field with a red band down the fly; at the upper hoist a red shield with a hand holding a sword and a gold orb.
Voronezh Oblast
Red field with a yellow rocky slope at the hoist and a tipped-over white jug pouring water down it.
Yamalo-Nenets Okrug
Blue field with a white band of blue zigzag ornament low down, above a thin red stripe.
Yaroslavl Oblast
Gold field with a black bear standing upright, shouldering a silver halberd on a red shaft.
Zabaykalsky Krai
Green over red in horizontal halves, with a gold triangle at the hoist reaching to the centre.